Email this article Uji Daya Bunuh Ekstrak Daun Nerium oleander L. Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Culex quinquefasciatus
Abstract
The use of synthetic larvacide can be harmful to enviroment. It also can lead to larvacide resistance. One of the alternatives to reduce the negative impact of synthetic larvacide is organic larvacide from plant, such as Nerium oleander L. The aim of study was to determine the efficacy of N.oleander leaves extract against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae which was measured by LC50 and LC90. The third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus were used for the study which were divided into 10 groups. In addition, there were one positive control group with Bacillus thuringiensis and one negative control with water. The results showed that the LC50 and LC90 for Ae. aegypti were 0.68% and 2.67% respectively whereas the LC50 and LC90 for Cx. quinquefasciatus were 0.14% and 0.71% respectively. Moreover, there was a mean difference in the death of larvae between Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus (p-value=0.006). Extract of N. oleander leaves were more effective against Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae than Ae. aegypti larvae.
Penggunaan larvasida sintesis sangat merugikan masyarakat seperti pencemaran lingkungan dan menyebabkan resistensi. Alternatif untuk mengurangi dampak negatif tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan larvasida nabati yang berasal dari tanaman yaitu Nerium oleander L.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan besarnya daya bunuh ekstrak daun Nerium oleander yang ditunjukkan dengan LC50 dan LC90 . Larva nyamuk yang digunakan adalah larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Culex quinquefasciatusyang telah mencapai instar III yang dibagi menjadi 10 kelompok perlakuan dengan kontrol positif (Bacillus thuringiensis) dan kontrol negatif (Air). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LC50 dan LC90 untuk Ae. aegypti masing-masing adalah 0,68% dan 2,67%, sedangkan LC dan LC untuk Cx. quinquefasciatus masing-masing adalah 50 900,14% dan 0,71%, dan terdapat perbedaan kematian yang bermakna antara Ae. aegypti dan Cx. quinquefasciatus (p-value=0.006 ). Ekstrak daun N. oleander lebih efektif terhadap larva nyamuk Cx. quinquefasciatus dari pada Ae. aegypti.
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